Ernest John Christopher Polge (1926-2006)
نویسندگان
چکیده
Twentieth-century researcher Ernest John Christopher Polge studied the reproductive processes of livestock and determined a method to successfully freeze, thaw, and utilize viable [4] sperm [5] cells to produce offspring in animals. In 1949, Polge identified glycerol as a cryoprotectant, or a medium that enables cells to freeze without damaging their cellular components or functions. Several years later, Polge used glycerol in a freezing process called vitrification, which enabled him to freeze poultry sperm [5], thaw that sperm [5], and use it to fertilize vertebrate embryos. He later adapted those methods to be applied to several other species including goats, cows, and pigs, which enabled farmers to fertilize livestock with sperm [5] or embryos after long-term storage. Additionally, Polge's development of methods to freeze and store living samples has equipped reproductive health researchers and medical professionals with the abilities to collect and store human sperm [5].
منابع مشابه
Cryoprotectants & Cryopreservation of Equine Semen: A Review of Industry Cryoprotectants and the Effects of Cryopreservation on Equine Semen Membranes
However, early efforts to incorporate AI into production schemes were limited by the functional lifespan of ejaculated spermatozoa. Therefore, widespread the use of AI Cryopreservation (CP) is the ability to store cells and maintain their integrity and viability at a sub-zero temperature until needed. Like some of the greatest discoveries, CP of semen was the result of a fortunate lab error. In...
متن کامل?Revival of Spermatozoa after Dehydration and Vitrification at Low Temperatures? (1949), by Christopher Polge, Audrey Ursula Smith, and Alan Sterling Parkes
In the 1949 article ?Revival of Spermatozoa after Dehydration and Vitrification at Low Temperatures,? researchers Christopher Polge, Audrey Ursula Smith, and Alan Sterling Parkes demonstrated that glycerol prevents cells from dying while being frozen. Polge and his colleagues discussed several procedures in which they had treated sperm [4] cells from various species with glycerol, froze those c...
متن کاملRisk Management , Insurance and Social Networks in Ghana
Financial support for this research was provided by the United States Agency for International Development’s Strategies and Analyses for Growth and Access (SAGA) Project, the Social Science Research Council’s Program in Applied Economics on Risk and Development (through a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation), the Yale Economic Growth Center and the Pew Charitable Trusts...
متن کامل